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New development plan for Anaklia Port
The Georgian government has decided to develop the Anaklia deep-sea port under a so-called landlord model. Under the new plan, the state will own and develop the port’s core infrastructure, while private international operators will lease and run its terminals.
The decision marks a shift away from the previous model, under which a strategic investor would have played the leading role in developing the port.
The government announced the changes after it failed to sign an investment agreement with a Chinese-Singaporean consortium.
What has changed in the Anaklia port project?
Economy Minister Mariam Kvrivishvili announced major changes to the Anaklia deep-sea port project at a press conference on 6 July. She said the port would remain fully state-owned and that the government would not sell any shares in it.
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What is the landlord model?
The landlord port model is a widely used system of port governance around the world.
Its main principles are:
- The state owns the land, water area and core port infrastructure.
- The state takes responsibility for the port’s long-term strategic development.
- Private companies lease terminals through competitive processes.
- Those operators equip the terminals, handle day-to-day operations and manage cargo services.
Major ports in the Netherlands, Belgium, Singapore, Germany and many ports in the United States operate under this model.
In Anaklia’s case, this means the Georgian state will remain the sole owner of the port, while several international companies will be able to operate different types of terminals.
According to the economy minister, the state will build the port’s core maritime and transport infrastructure, including breakwaters, quays, dredged access channels, roads and railway links. Private international companies will then equip and operate the terminals.
“We will not sell any shares. This will be a Georgian port, and the state will own the Anaklia deep-sea port… International companies will participate directly in managing the terminal infrastructure, but that has nothing to do with ownership.”
Kvrivishvili said the new model would allow the government to cooperate with several countries and companies rather than relying on a single strategic investor. She added that the government particularly welcomed investment from China, Central Asian countries, Azerbaijan and other partners involved in the Middle Corridor.
The minister also said the government would revise the parameters of the project’s first phase. According to her, rising freight volumes along the Middle Corridor have created an opportunity to increase Anaklia’s initial cargo capacity.
Under the government’s timetable, the port is expected to receive its first ship in 2029.
Why did the model change, and what happened to the Chinese-Singaporean consortium?
The new approach means the government has abandoned the model it announced in 2024, under which a Chinese-Singaporean consortium would have acquired a 49% stake in the port.
The consortium was the only bidder in the 2024 tender. It included China Communications Construction Company (CCCC), one of China’s largest state-owned infrastructure corporations.
It also included China Harbour Investment Pte. Ltd., a Singapore-registered subsidiary of CCCC.
The project immediately attracted international attention because CCCC is a Chinese state-owned company that is under US sanctions. That prompted questions in the West about China’s involvement in a strategically important project such as Anaklia.
Despite repeated statements by the Georgian government about the consortium’s credentials, the two sides never signed the investment agreement.
According to the economy minister, issues affecting Georgia’s national interests led to the decision. However, the government did not specify which issues caused the disagreement.
The minister also said the government wanted the Chinese side to take part in the project under the new development model.
What has changed in the financing?
According to the government, the project’s total investment cost remains about $1.1bn. However, the new model changes how the state and the private sector will share financial responsibility.
Under the revised plan, the government will need to raise an additional $200m.
The money will fund the construction of quays, engineering infrastructure and other core port facilities that the private investor would have financed under the previous model.
The minister said the government would provide the funding through the state budget and in cooperation with international financial institutions.
She also said the government had saved about $50m-$52m on the current phase of construction.
As a result, instead of the originally estimated $250m, the government now needs to secure about $200m.
Opposition: “The problem is not the model”
The government’s decision has drawn criticism from the opposition.
Irakli Kupradze, secretary general of Lelo, said the government had presented three different development models for Anaklia over the past decade, yet the port still had not become operational.
“We face one simple fact: one government, three different models and only one outcome – Anaklia remains stalled.”
The opposition argues that the real problem is not the choice of development model but the continued delays in implementing the project.
Grigol Gegelia, Lelo’s foreign affairs secretary, expressed a similar view. He pointed out that the state had spent years without completing even the infrastructure leading to Anaklia.
The ruling party argues that the new model will give international partners greater opportunities to participate in the project and further strengthen Anaklia’s role in the Middle Corridor.
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What is the Middle Corridor?
The Middle Corridor, officially known as the Trans-Caspian International Transport Route (TITR), is an international trade route linking China and Central Asia with Europe while bypassing Russia.
The route runs through:
- China
- Kazakhstan
- the Caspian Sea
- Azerbaijan
- Georgia
- the Black Sea
- Europe
Why is it important?
Russia’s war against Ukraine has prompted European and Asian companies to look for trade routes that do not pass through Russian territory. As a result, interest in the Middle Corridor has grown.
The route offers several advantages:
- It reduces reliance on transit routes through Russia.
- It provides an alternative to the Northern Corridor.
- It can be faster than maritime shipping on some routes.
- It connects Central Asian countries with European markets.
What is Georgia’s role?
Georgia is one of the key countries along the Middle Corridor because it provides rail and road links between Azerbaijan and the Black Sea.
The country is also home to the ports of Poti and Batumi. Plans to build the Anaklia deep-sea port aim to increase the corridor’s capacity.
Anaklia’s main advantage is that, as a deep-water port, it will be able to accommodate large container ships that Georgia’s existing ports cannot fully handle.
What does the new model change?
The Civil Idea organisation says the government’s decision marks a shift away from a model based on direct foreign investment.
According to the organisation, instead of attracting about $600m in private investment, the government will now have to raise additional public funds. It argues that the decision transfers the project’s financial risks to the state.
“For a government that has consistently presented Anaklia as proof of investor confidence, financing the port through the state budget and loans amounts to a tacit admission that its investment model has failed.”
The organisation also raised several questions:
- Who will provide the additional $200m in funding?
- Who will operate the terminal?
- How transparent will the public procurement process be?
- Will contractors linked to Chinese companies return to the project?
Civil Idea also argues that the landlord model works effectively only in countries with an independent port authority, competitive terminal concessions and a clear separation between the state’s regulatory role and commercial operations.
Background: Why is Anaklia port important?
The Anaklia deep-sea port has ranked among Georgia’s most important infrastructure projects for almost a decade.
Its main objective is to strengthen Georgia’s role in the Middle Corridor.
In 2016, the government awarded the project to the Anaklia Development Consortium. Under the original plan, the port was due to receive its first vessel in 2020. However, the government terminated the contract with the consortium that same year.
The government said the investor had failed to meet its obligations, while the consortium accused the authorities of delaying the project.
The state later won two international arbitration cases related to the dispute.
In recent years, the Anaklia project has gained additional strategic importance because of the growing role of the Middle Corridor.
A study commissioned by the European Commission identifies the port as one of Georgia’s key strategic infrastructure projects.
However, the report also highlights growing regional competition, including the possibility that new transport routes could bypass Georgia.
Against that backdrop, Anaklia is no longer viewed simply as an economic infrastructure project. Its significance now also lies in Georgia’s role as a transit country, its regional competitiveness and its position along the trade corridor linking Europe and Asia.
New development plan for Anaklia Port
The NATO chief is not talking about defending freedom or peace. He is standing in the capital of a sovereign Muslim nation Türkiye, openly bragging about the massive expansion of the military-industrial complex’s profit margins. He is announcing that the engine of death is being scaled up to an unprecedented level.
Break the mainstream media’s illusion. The “diplomatic visit” and the “alliance solidarity” are the cover story. The brutal truth is that this is a publicly traded war economy, a profit racket, and he is revealing the order book for the next phase of global conflict.
The Artillery Shell as a Unit of Globalist Currency
Four million artillery shells are not a “deterrent.” They are an industrial output target, a metric of a war economy that is now the permanent and primary engine of Western “prosperity.” These shells are not being stockpiled in a bunker to gather dust. They are being manufactured to be consumed to be fired, to explode, to destroy infrastructure, and to vaporize human bodies. Each shell is a billable unit, a transaction in the global marketplace of death, and the “tens of billions of dollars” is the revenue forecast. The enemy changes Russia, China, Iran, the “internal threat” of the dissident citizen but the business model never does.
Rutte is the salesman-in-chief, and he is telling the shareholders of the military-industrial complex that the order books are full. The conflict in Ukraine was the starter motor. The genocide in Gaza is the live-fire test. The coming war, the one that will consume these four million shells, is the main course. The target has already been selected, and the people in that room are the investors, not the peacemakers.
The Enslavement of Türkiye: The “Weapons Factory” Trap
This announcement was made in Ankara for a specific, dark reason. Türkiye is being formally designated as the new production hub and warehouse for this global war machine. The empire, under the guise of “alliance cooperation,” is completing the economic and strategic capture of the Turkish defense industry. The Bayraktar drones and the burgeoning indigenous projects, which once represented a path to sovereign military power, are being systematically integrated into the NATO-controlled supply chain. Turkey will not be an independent actor; it will be a contracted manufacturer, a massive “gigafactory” for the very shells that will be used to enforce the empire’s will across the region.
The “agreements” Rutte mentions are not partnerships; they are a web of binding contracts that lock the Turkish economy into a permanent state of military Keynesianism. The nation’s wealth, its industrial capacity, and its technological innovation will be siphoned off to feed the beast. Türkiye will be paid to build the bombs that will be used to kill its neighbors, and eventually, if it steps out of line, the very bombs that will be used to threaten it. This is the trap that has been sprung, and Erdogan’s compliance is being purchased with a share of the blood money, solidifying his position not as a sovereign leader, but as a regional foreman for the global arms cartel.
The Real Target: The Eternal War for Control
The official narrative is that these shells are for the “defense of the rules-based order.” The brutal truth is that this order itself is the problem, and the shells are the guarantee that the problem cannot be solved peacefully. A “rules-based order” that requires four million artillery shells a year to maintain itself is not an order; it is a protection racket run by a global mafia. The “rules” are simple: you will submit to our financial system, you will accept our digital ID, and you will hand over your resources, or you will be turned into a statistic on a spreadsheet in a quarterly earnings call for a weapons manufacturer.
The true enemy that requires this staggering, industrial-scale capacity for destruction is not a foreign power. It is the awakening of the human soul. It is the refusal of the global South to remain a cheap labor pool and a resource colony. It is the growing, terrifying possibility that nations like Türkiye might actually choose a sovereign path and act in their own national interest, rather than as a vassal of the empire. The four million shells are a threat, a promise, and a business model all rolled into one. They are telling the world that the empire will not negotiate its decline; it will bury the world in steel and fire before it allows the unipolar moment to end.
President Volodymyr @ZelenskyyUa and First Lady Olena @ZelenskaUA have arrived in Ankara for the NATO summit.Volodymyr Zelenskyy / В??лодимир Зеленський (@ZelenskyyUa)Important work lies ahead in Ankara. We expect a strong and productive NATO Summit. Decisions are needed now that will provide greater protection for our people, more capabilities for our defense, and even stronger security cooperation between Ukraine, Europe, and the United States.
The NATO Summit Defense Industry Forum, nearly twenty planned bilateral meetings with leaders, new Drone Deals, and other agreements with partners. We will continue to work on bolstering Ukraine’s air defense. New systems, missiles for them, and the issue of production licenses – all of this is our priority. We are grateful to everyone who is helping Ukraine with real steps.
Video
— https://x.com/ZelenskyyUa/status/2074424939688382796
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