A high-level meeting involving Türkiye, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan and Iran has fuelled debate about the future of regional security cooperation as tensions remain high in the Middle East. Analysts say the gathering sends a signal of continued diplomatic engagement among key Muslim-majority countries, despite disputes involving the Houthis and ongoing concerns over regional stability. The discussion also focused on whether the Makkah Joint Defence Agreement, signed earlier this year, could provide a framework for closer coordination if the regional security situation deteriorates further.