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South Caucasus News

Georgian Citizens No Longer Eligible for Simplified Employment in Poland


As of December 1, 2025, citizens of Georgia are no longer eligible for Poland’s simplified employment procedure and must instead follow the longer, standard process, which includes obtaining a D-type visa.

Poland’s Minister of Family, Labor and Social Policy issued a relevant regulation on November 21, removing Georgia from the list of countries whose citizens could work in Poland in nonseasonal jobs for up to 24 months without a standard work permit. The remaining countries covered by the procedure are Armenia, Belarus, Moldova, and Ukraine.

Polish authorities had cited several reasons behind the decision, including “the political situation in Georgia, continuing work on possible restrictions on visa-free travel, and the decrease in the number of issued declarations and seasonal work permits compared to 2024.”

Under the system, employment required only an employer’s declaration registered with a local labor office, along with a valid residence document authorizing the foreigner to work. The scheme did not apply to seasonal employment, which is regulated separately.

Georgian citizens must now first secure a work permit through their employer before applying for a D-type national visa at a Polish consulate. The visa allows a stay of more than 90 days and up to one year.

However, Georgians already working based on employer declarations registered before December 1 may continue to work until the declaration’s expiry. Applications submitted before the new regulation enters into force will also be processed under the previous rules.

In 2024, Poland deported more than 2,500 Georgian nationals, mostly for using forged documents. Over 1,500 others were allegedly involved in criminal offenses, according to Polish authorities.

In June, Prime Minister Donald Tusk said his government was working to garner support within the EU bloc to suspend visa-free travel for Georgian nationals, asserting that migration from countries like Georgia now “presents a direct threat to legal and public order in our country and in Europe.”

In August, he said that Warsaw was reviewing whether to reintroduce visa requirements for nationals of Georgia, Armenia, Venezuela, and Colombia, citing national security concerns following an alleged Russian-backed arson attack in 2024.

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South Caucasus News

BBC Investigation: Georgian Authorities May Have Used WWI-Era Chemical During 2024 Protests


A BBC investigation suggests Georgian authorities may have used a World War I–era toxic compound against protesters during the first week of demonstrations that began on November 28, 2024.

The ruling Georgian Dream party dismissed the investigation and said it would sue the BBC.

The BBC World Service reported on December 1 that it spoke with chemical weapons experts, whistleblowers from Georgia’s riot police, and doctors, and that the evidence points to the use of an agent known as camite.

Camite, or bromobenzyl cyanide, was deployed by French forces against Germany during World War I and is believed to have been phased out in the 1930s over concerns about its long-lasting effects.

“I’ve never seen camite being utilised in modern society. Camite is markedly irritating [and] persistent with its irritation,” Professor Christopher Holstege, a world-leading toxicology and chemical weapons expert, told BBC.

“It would keep people away for a long time. They couldn’t decontaminate [themselves]. They would have to go to the hospital. They would have to leave the area. If that is indeed the case – that this chemical has been brought back – that is actually exceedingly dangerous,” he added.

Hundreds of protesters reported long-term side effects following riot police dispersals during demonstrations in the first week after November 28, when Georgian Dream announced it was pausing the country’s EU integration. Reported symptoms included headaches, fatigue, coughs, shortness of breath, and vomiting.

A former Special Tasks Department official, Lasha Shergelashvili, told the BBC that he recognized the symptoms from a product he was asked to test in 2009, describing the compound as “probably 10 times” stronger than conventional riot-control agents. “If you spill this chemical on the ground, you won’t be able to stay in that area for the next two to three days,” he said.

While civil society organizations, including the Georgian Young Lawyers’ Association, earlier pressed the Ministry of Internal Affairs to disclose what chemical compounds were mixed with water cannons and gas, allegedly to exacerbate harm, the calls went unanswered.

“The findings of the BBC investigation confirm what all of us had already felt with our own bodies,” wrote Tamta Mikeladze of the Social Justice Center.

The BBC said that Georgian Dream dismissed the investigation’s findings as “deeply frivolous” and “absurd.”

Shortly after the investigation was released, Georgian Dream said it would sue the BBC in an international court.

“It is clear that the so-called media, turned into a propaganda tool of the ‘deep state,’ has presented no facts whatsoever to substantiate such serious allegations,” Georgian Dream said in a statement posted on Facebook, adding that the investigation relied on accounts from interested parties.

“We have decided to initiate legal proceedings against fake media in international courts,” the statement said.

The ruling party also pointed to a recent controversy surrounding the BBC’s coverage of Donald Trump’s comments, which led to the resignation of the broadcaster’s director general and the news CEO.

Pro-government media seized on the same point. Imedi TV, the Georgian Dream’s main broadcaster, wrote in a social media post: “BBC – December 1: The Georgian government allegedly used a World War I-era chemical agent against protesters. November 10: The BBC’s director general and head of news resigned amid a scandal involving the editing of Donald Trump’s speech.”

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Hayao Miyazaki’s magical worlds to come alive in Baku


Baku will, for the first time, step into the “Miyazaki Universe”, a vibrant multimedia concert set to take place on December 19 in the Chamber and Organ Music Hall, Azernews reports.

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South Caucasus News

Azerbaijan’s pro-government media lash out at Georgia over ‘deteriorating treatment’ of Azerbaijani truckers


Azerbaijan criticises Georgia

Azerbaijan criticises Georgia

The pro-government Azerbaijani outlet Caliber published an article titled “Georgia Has Heard the Steps of Zangezur.” The piece, written by Samir Veliev, cites accounts from Azerbaijani truck drivers, who say their treatment by Georgian border guards and other officials has sharply worsened in recent times.

According to the author, drivers face rude behaviour and disregard for the law. They are reportedly held at the border for days or even weeks. Some drivers say they were mockingly told: “You’ll go when your Zangezur corridor opens.”

This refers to a proposed transit route intended to connect Azerbaijan with its Nakhchivan exclave through Armenian territory. The project has received active involvement from the United States, is known as the “Trump Route,” and is planned to become part of the international transit Middle Corridor.

The article suggests that the shift in Georgia’s attitude towards Azerbaijan may be linked to the influence of a “northern neighbour” (likely Russia) or “those representing Armenian interests within the Georgian government.”

What the article says

The situation inevitably raises a question: if such episodes happen regularly, there must be a reason beyond simple organisational chaos.

Initially, individual trucks were held up, then groups, and eventually entire batches. Drivers were unable to move and could not understand why a route that had functioned smoothly for years had turned into a zone of uncertainty, marked by continuous barriers.

Moreover, there were no official or even reasonable explanations — only hints, ironic smiles, and comments tinged with irritation.

Azerbaijani drivers were told: “You’ll go through Zangezur when your Zangezur corridor is ready.” These words were not spoken as a joke but as poorly veiled annoyance.

Here lies the first and likely the main reason behind what is happening.

In Tbilisi, it is clear that the region’s logistical reality is changing, and the Zangezur route is no longer a distant prospect. It is actively being built, becoming part of new infrastructure that will inevitably alter the existing balance.

After decades of Georgia’s monopoly over regional logistics, even the possibility of an alternative route is felt acutely in Tbilisi.

The paradox is that the Zangezur corridor could strengthen the economies of all countries in the region, including Georgia itself. It expands the network rather than replacing it. Yet this logic does not always prevail, and where calculations should dominate, emotional jealousy sometimes takes over.

This factor becomes particularly evident when Georgian officials tell drivers to “go through Zangezur,” ask about its opening, and do so in a tone far from neutral or professional.

There also appears to be another layer of reasons:

Georgia has always had figures connected to the Armenian community — by origin, biography, or political sympathies.

They do not determine the country’s overall course, but they are present in the system sufficiently to influence sensitive areas, including attitudes toward Azerbaijan. This is particularly the case now, as developments in Armenia itself are causing discontent among some Armenian circles outside the country.

For them, a rising Azerbaijan is an unwelcome reality, and any developments beyond familiar patterns provoke irritation.

Within the Georgian bureaucracy, such attitudes may not manifest as direct decisions but rather through the creation of conditions that appear purely technical.

There is also a third motive increasingly mentioned by experts.

Georgia’s relations with its northern neighbour (Russia — JAMnews) in recent years have evolved in such a way that Moscow’s influence could be reflected in certain practical decisions.

Analysts suggest that irritation may have been caused by the fact that agreements on the Zangezur corridor were reached in Washington, and that the project is advancing without the involvement of those accustomed to treating such processes as within their sphere of control.

Against this backdrop, it is conceivable that specific groups oriented toward the interests of one northern country might exploit any convenient pretext to create obstacles for Azerbaijani drivers passing through Georgia.

This is not a definitive claim or conclusion, but such a scenario is increasingly cited by experts closely monitoring regional dynamics. In the current political configuration, even a slight hint of such influence no longer seems abstract.

Amid all these developments, Azerbaijan’s stance has remained calm and consistent. For many years, Georgia has been regarded — and continues to be regarded — by Baku as a partner with whom relations are built on trust, mutual assistance, and openness. Azerbaijan has never refused support to Georgia, including during particularly difficult periods.

For this reason, the current situation involving Azerbaijani truck drivers has naturally caused confusion and concern in Azerbaijani society.

A country benefiting from stable cooperation is expected to show at least minimal respect for the rights of Azerbaijani citizens who are carrying out their work and supporting trade flows that benefit not only Azerbaijan but Georgia as well.

Azerbaijan’s position remains unchanged. The country equally remembers both acts of goodwill and instances of injustice. Injustice against the country and its citizens never goes unanswered.

This has been repeatedly demonstrated in various situations — whether the AZAL plane tragedy, the killings of Azerbaijanis in Yekaterinburg, or decisions by the Biden administration that Baku reasonably considered unfair. In all these cases — and many others — Azerbaijan’s response has been consistent and unequivocal.

Against this backdrop, creating artificial obstacles for Azerbaijani truck drivers cannot be seen as an isolated incident.

The region is entering a phase where old transit patterns are no longer guaranteed, and the Zangezur route is shifting from a political debate into emerging infrastructure.

Georgia’s long-standing transit monopoly is no longer unquestioned. Azerbaijan is strengthening its role as both a military and economic hub in the South Caucasus.

Any actions that undermine confidence in the Georgian route primarily harm Georgia itself, which for many years relied on transit as a strategic advantage.

Azerbaijan, meanwhile, makes it clear that the dignity of its citizens and the security of their rights are not subjects for compromise.

At such moments, another factor must also be considered.

A large Azerbaijani community lives in Georgia, for whom relations between the two countries are not abstract diplomacy but part of everyday life. Any sign of injustice or disrespect is felt particularly sharply by this community.

For Baku, attention to these concerns has always been a serious priority, and this approach remains consistent. Azerbaijan has never left its citizens and compatriots without support — regardless of where they live.

This is neither a warning nor a hint. It is part of the political reality that everyone involved in these developments will have to acknowledge.

Azerbaijan criticises Georgia


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South Caucasus News

Украина-Россия: что дальше? | Турция и Иран укрепляют связи



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South Caucasus News

Hajiyev: Azerbaijan receives Russia’s responses on downing of Azal airliner


Azerbaijan has received answers from Russia in Dushanbe regarding the downing of the AZAL airliner over Grozny in December 2024, Azernews reports.

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South Caucasus News

Baku positions itself as regional digital hub through WTDC-25


The 2025 World Telecommunication Development Conference, held in partnership between the ITU and the Republic of Azerbaijan, took place from November 17 to 28—marking the first time the event has been hosted in the CIS region. The conference’s core mission is to bridge the global digital divide, accelerate digital transformation, and support developing countries in adopting cutting-edge technological solutions.

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South Caucasus News

#Azerbaijan’s current agenda in the #SouthCaucasus is the transition from victory in war to victory in #peace, stated the assistant to the President of #Azerbaijan. “When the corridor is launched in #Azerbaijan, its annual cargo transportation capacity will reach up to 15 pic.x.com/N5KH58V2lF



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South Caucasus News

High-ranking priests call on Armenian Catholicos Karekin II to step down – OC Media


High-ranking priests call on Armenian Catholicos Karekin II to step down  OC Media

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South Caucasus News

Azerbaijan: Detained journalists report physical abuse


Violence against journalists in Azerbaijan

Violence against journalists in Azerbaijan

Journalists detained in Azerbaijan in connection with the “Meydan TV case” have reported being subjected to physical abuse by the head of the convoy at the Baku Court of Appeals, identified as Jamil Huseynov. Similar accusations have also been made against him in other cases.

According to reports, Jamil Huseynov, who oversees the transfer of prisoners at the Baku Court of Appeals, physically assaulted Meydan TV staff members in custody, Aytaj Tapdyg (Ahmedova) and Aysel Umudova.

On 6 December 2024, Meydan TV staff members Ramin Deko (Jabrayilzade), Aynur Ganbarova (Elgunesh), Aysel Umudova, Aytaj Ahmedova (Tapdyg), Khayal Aghayeva, and Natik Javadly were detained. They were charged under Article 206.3.2 of the Criminal Code (smuggling carried out by a group of persons acting in collusion), and the case against them became known as the “Meydan TV case.” Later, journalists Shamshad Aga, Nurlan Libre, Fatima Movlamly, Ulviya Ali, and Ahmed Mukhtar were also arrested in connection with the same case.

In August of this year, the charges against the journalists were intensified, and new articles were added to the case.

Meydan TV says these arrests are linked to their critical professional work.

Aytaj Tapdyg reported that on 26 September, while being taken to the Court of Appeals, Jamil Huseynov led her down the corridor “forcefully and abruptly.” Later, as she entered the holding room, he pushed her. Tapdyg noted that this treatment occurred after she spoke with her colleagues, who were also in custody.

Journalist Aysel Umudova also stated that during her transfer to the Baku Court of Appeals, the head of the convoy pressed and injured her finger.



Not only against Meydan TV staff

It has been reported that convoy head Jamil Huseynov was also present when physical force was used against detained AbzasMedia staff during another court session on 9 September.

It is further claimed that during a speech at the Court of Appeals by Afiyaddin Mamedov, head of the “Working Table” Trade Union Confederation, Huseynov forcibly took the text of his speech, pushed him, and pressed him against a glass booth. Activist Sara Ragimova later confirmed similar circumstances in an interview.

The allegations point to a systematic use of physical force by Huseynov. The justice authorities have not commented on these claims.

It is also reported that Jamil Huseynov is a close friend of one of the investigators in the “Meydan TV case,” Habib Habibli. Media reports previously indicated that investigator Habibli had allegedly demanded a bribe from one of the detainees.

Summary

Detained journalists are calling for stricter oversight of convoy personnel during court proceedings and for an impartial investigation into the allegations of abuse.

No official comments have been made on the matter. State authorities consistently describe such claims as false and reject them.