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South Caucasus News

Opinion: In Abkhazia, reform constitution before electing new president


Reforming Abkhazia's constitution

Reforming Abkhazia’s constitution

Following the early resignation of a third consecutive president, Abkhazia is once again seeking a way out of the political impasse that the republic repeatedly finds itself in. Many experts, including Public Chamber member Tengiz Dzopua, are convinced that the only way to stop repeating the same mistakes is to undertake constitutional reform.

President Aslan Bzhania was forced to resign on November 19 amidst mass protests against the ratification of an agreement on Russian investments in Abkhazia.

Bzhania had vigorously lobbied for the agreement, which offered unprecedented privileges to Russian investors. However, the opposition, local Abkhaz businesses, and civil society deemed it catastrophic for the republic.

Early presidential elections are set to take place in early February 2025.

Tengiz Dzopua:

The 1994 Constitution was adopted by parliament under difficult circumstances, shortly after the end of the Georgian-Abkhaz war.

Some deputies were against this constitution, which granted the president unlimited powers, but they were assured it was only a temporary measure. As it turned out, it wasn’t. Thirty years have passed, and we’re still governed by the same constitution, which has long since become outdated.

This document continues to be exploited because it allows the president to wield unchecked power, ignore the will of the people, bypass the law, and remain unaccountable.

Today, the Constitution not only fails to protect the rights and interests of citizens but also jeopardizes our future.

It enables those in power to abuse their authority, violate our rights and freedoms without remorse, betray the interests and values of the people, and evade any form of accountability.

This Constitution, along with the system it upholds, will never allow us to escape the cycle of crisis and is steering us toward civil war.



We urgently need to rethink everything, address our current problems and challenges, and create a new Constitution.

The 1994 Constitution is merely a relic of its time, not a symbol of the struggle, freedom, and independence of our people. These symbols lie within us, within our nation.

We must restore unity in society, strengthen institutions, embrace new ideas, set fresh goals and objectives, and find new hope.

We need a new republic—awakened and reborn.

Three key issues are particularly relevant in this context:

  • The lack of accountability for the president, deputies, judges, and officials to the people;
  • Chaos and disorganization in the country’s socio-political life, reflected in the ongoing, destructive confrontation between two political camps, which frequently goes beyond the bounds of legality;
  • The systematic destruction of societal institutions, the erosion of the nation’s values, and the distortion—and at times, outright perversion—of fundamental ideas and goals.

Addressing these issues requires us to forge a new social contract. Here and now. Not tomorrow, not the day after—today!

No early presidential elections! Reforms first—everything else comes after!


Terms, place names, opinions and ideas suggested by the author of the publication are their own and do not necessarily coincide with the opinions and ideas of JAMnews or its individual employees. JAMnews reserves the right to remove comments on posts that are deemed offensive, threatening, violent or otherwise ethically unacceptable.

Reforming Abkhazia’s constitution


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Diageo Claims Diddy Gave The Company An Ultimatum To Give Him $100M Or He Would ‘Publicly Accuse’ Them Of Racism – AfroTech



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As AFROTECH previously reported, Combs sued Diageo as he believed the company was not providing DeLeón the same thought and care as its other tequila brands, including George Clooney’s Casamigos, which Diageo purchased for $1 billion in 2017.

He continued, “So there was no plan for us to be successful. It was no equal treatment. The other brands, they had agave planted, they had no agave planted for me.”

According to court documents shared with AFROTECH, Diageo suggests that they have provided substantial support for DeLeón, while Diddy has significantly failed to uphold his end of the joint venture (JV).

“Diageo has disproportionately supported and grown the DeLeón brand despite the Combs Parties’ repeated failures to live up to their own commitments and their repudiation of their bargainedfor role as true equity partners,” court papers read. “That is why CWS will not prevail on the sole breach of contract claim brought here: it is contrary to every fact about the parties’ actual performance of their contractual obligations.”

Diageo also cites Diddy’s lack of equity in the partnership as a result of his failures “to take on any of the risks, burdens, and responsibilities that come with being a true equity owner and partner.”

It was expected that Combs would provide marketing, advertising, and promotional services.

Diageo also addressed Combs accusation of racial discrimination. He had mentioned that the liquor company wanted to box him in the “colored section” and only had plans to distribute his products in Black neighborhoods.

Diageo states the allegations are untrue and has countered his claims. The company claims the mogul “asked to be paid millions of dollars more under threat of publicly accusing Diageo of racism” and once demanded $100 million in the wake of COVID-19.

“In May 2021, following Diageo’s public commitment of $100 million to help with COVID recovery for the hospitality sector and underprivileged communities, Mr. Combs demanded that Diageo pay him $100 million and threatened then to ‘reach out to every news outlet’ to ‘burn the house down’ and cause maximum damage to Diageo and the DeLeón brand, by making public accusations of racism if Diageo refused to write the check,” an excerpt from the court filing read.

Furthermore, the company does acknowledge the disruption of DeLeón supply and states it was a result of the effects of the pandemic.

“Following the July 2020 reset, Mr. Combs and CWS nonetheless periodically accused Diageo of racism, citing supply disruption issues and occasional ‘stock-outs’ of DeLeón products as evidence of supposedly discriminatory treatment,” the company stated. “These disingenuous accusations ignored the incontrovertible fact that the COVID pandemic was impacting every part of the supply chain; indeed, the pandemic negatively affected supply for all of Diageo’s tequilas, as well as for its other brands and products.”

In response, Diddy’s attorney, John C. Hueston, shared the following statement with AFROTECH: “Diageo claims its executives were available to hear all of Mr. Combs concerns about race and diversity issues. The sad truth is that they never truly listened to what Mr. Combs was saying and brushed them off as threats and demands for money. If they had actually taken the time to comprehend his concerns, and lived up to the agreements they signed, we wouldn’t be in court today.”


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